Roofing Terms Homeowners Should Know Before Getting a New Roof

If you're considering a roof replacement or repair, it's easy to feel overwhelmed by all the technical roofing terms contractors might throw around. At Craig Gouker Roofing, we believe homeowners should feel confident and informed when making such a major investment. Here’s a breakdown of the most common roofing terms you'll encounter—so you can talk roofing with confidence.

1. Shingles

These are the outermost covering of the roof, typically made of asphalt in residential roofing. Shingles are the first layer of protection from the elements and come in different styles, such as architectural or 3-tab.

2. Decking

Also known as sheathing, decking refers to the wooden boards that form the base layer of your roof. It’s what shingles are nailed into. In most cases, this is made of plywood or OSB (oriented strand board).

3. Underlayment

A protective layer installed between the roof deck and shingles. It serves as a moisture barrier and adds another layer of protection from wind-driven rain or ice dams.

4. Flashing

Thin metal (often aluminum or galvanized steel) installed in roof valleys, around chimneys, and near walls to prevent water from seeping in where roofing materials meet other surfaces.

5. Drip Edge

A metal flashing installed at the edges of the roof to guide water away from the fascia and into the gutters. It helps preserve the underlying roofing structure and extends the life of your roof.

6. Fascia

The horizontal board that runs along the edge of the roof. It supports the bottom row of shingles and often holds the gutters. Damage to the fascia can lead to water infiltration.

7. Soffit

The underside of the eaves. Soffits are ventilated to allow airflow into the attic, helping to regulate temperature and moisture levels.

8. Ridge Vent

A ventilation strip installed at the peak of the roof. It allows hot, moist air to escape from the attic, improving energy efficiency and prolonging the life of your shingles.

9. Ice & Water Shield

A self-adhering waterproof barrier typically applied in roof valleys and eaves. In Pittsburgh's cold climate, this added protection is crucial to prevent ice dam damage.

10. Roof Pitch

This refers to how steep your roof is, expressed as a ratio (like 6:12). A steeper pitch sheds water more easily and affects the materials and installation techniques used.

Final Thoughts

Understanding these basic roofing terms helps you have clearer conversations with your contractor and make better decisions for your home. At Craig Gouker Roofing, we’re committed to transparency, education, and quality work that lasts.

Ready to replace or repair your roof? Contact Craig Gouker Roofing today for a free, no-obligation consultation. Let us walk you through every step of the process with clarity and confidence. Your roof, your way—with the experts Pittsburgh trusts.